Chapter 11 Summary
Mike Hutton and Cameron Klundt
Information Design
Information Design can be most easily defined as simply the way you organize a document. Burnett explains 5 elements of Information Design that people should be aware of when creating a document
5 Categories of Design
Textual- The characters, such as letters, numbers, and symbols that are used in a document.
Spatial- The white spaces in the document, as well as placement of textual and graphical elements.
Graphic- Visual images, bullets, lines, arrows, punctuation. Any visual aid in a document.
Color and Textural- The details regarding color, such as hue and saturation. Also texture of the surface of document, such as glossy or smooth.
Dynamic- The motion that is implied in a document. The flow that your eyes follow in a document.
Chunking and Labeling Information
Chunking and labeling information creates an easier path for the reader to navigate the document. This involves organizing topically relevant information together. This makes the document flow and makes it easier to understand.
Using White Space to Chunk Information- Once you have deciphered how to organize your document, white space can help you chunk it. There are a few ways to do this:
Margins: the widths of white space on either side, top, and bottom of text.
Alignment: how the text-lines measure up to each other. For example, a fully justified alignment will line up each side of the document, so that each line of text is the same length.
Leading and Line Length: how long the text lines are, and the spacing in between lines. A larger space between lines makes a document easier to read, but creates a longer looking document.
Headings to Label Chunked Information
Used to let the reader easily identify the topic of the upcoming information. Can be a sort of ultra-short summary of the text in that section. Also allow readers to take a mental breath between bits of information.
Arranging Related Chunks of Verbal and Visual Information
When a project is underway it is important to start with a good sold base. The base in Verbal and Visual include how many columns are used and how the pictures are integrated with the text.
Using Design Conventions
When arranging a text it is important to look at the whole page as a grid. This allows an individual to organize the textual and visual chunks. The use of columns is most common. Pages that have one column are often for in-house technical reports, two columns for operation manuals, and three columns for newsletters. How pictures are integrated is important as well. It is preferred to have a picture in with the wording but only if there are a few pictures. Having too many pictures can be distracting.
Avoiding Problems in Arranging Information
Chartjunk- Miscellaneous graphic junk that serves no point
Tombstoning- Making headings to long and posing potential confusion.
Heading placement- Not Having enough space between headings.
Window and orphans- Making sure there are not a few words on the next line resulting in a lot of excess space.
Emphasizing Information
Creating a document or Webpage it is important to make certain information stand out and catch a reader’s eye. There are pre designed web pages that can help you make the right information stand out, in a good way.
Typefaces
When an individual uses a font that affects the reader’s attitudes and reactions it is called typeface.
Serif or sans serif- Most common uses tiny fine lines at the top and bottom of letters.
Typeface variations- Proper selections should influence a reader and should not be difficult to read.
Type Size- Using the proper size font will encourage readers, too large or small will sway readers.
Style Choice- Using different styles including bolding and capitalization can highlight dangers and warnings, will draw attention to important details.
Typographic Devices
It is sometimes needed to distinguish between text with the use of numbered lines, bullets, underlining, boxes, and other various ways.
1.) Number lines are common when a list of instructions is given and a proper order must be followed.
· Bullets are used when all items of a list are equivalent.
Underlining- should only be used for hyperlinks, was originally used in typewriters that did not have a bold or italics keys.
Boxes and shading are used to emphasize information.
Color provides emphasis by allowing information to stand out from the rest of the document.
Sunday, September 30, 2007
Chapter 8
Chapter 8
Revising and Editing
By: Elijah Wreh
Objective and Outcomes:
Differentiate various types of revising and editing and develop the skills required to complete these tasks.
Revise and edit to make documents, presentations, and visuals more accessible, comprehensible, and usable.
Understand that revising is a global function involving complex, interrelated strategies and decisions.
Identify and correct inconsistencies and errors in a draft.
Review a draft of a document that has been carefully edited and then analyze the resulting final version to study the impact of the changes.
Types of Revising and Editing
-Revising primary focus is on intercontinental aspects of the document which include content, organization, argument, and design.
-Substantive editing focuses on global aspects of the document.
-Design review focuses on the overall design of the document.
-Copyediting focuses on global aspects which include logic and format and locals are language conventions along with consistency.
-Proofreading involves eradicating typographical errors in the electronic version without comparing to the original.
-Administrative editing focuses on compliance with the organization’s policies and management of a range of tasks related to electronic.
The Revision Process
Revision of a piece of document or paper play a pivotal role in one writing career; As a matter of fact, when ever one write a paper or a document one need to carefully go over it several times in other to eliminate grammatical errors. Another option could be asking other people who are experts in English to go over your paper for common errors and mistakes. In addition to this, one need to get feedback, make acknowledgment and select strategy.
Redesigning Documents
For this part, one needs to design a pragmatic formula that will help in their revision process. A formula that will give readers the nitty-gritty of what you are actually talking about and meant in your paper or document.
Revision Strategies
As a matter of fact, in other for one to be a successful writer one need to be innovative and creative in their writing styles. This can only be done if one engages in a number of revision strategies that will help them with their document, oral presentation, or visual in a new dimension. Moreover, for this process to be successful and implemented well, one can text changes to encourage re-vision and design changes to encourage re-vision.
Levels of Edit
The word editing means going over a piece of document or paper for grammatical errors. Henceforth, an effective editor can only improves a document’s by going over it at least three to four times and ask other people to go over it too. The term content accuracy is the job of the writer or editor to carefully check on each other for errors. For instance, in the print media there are writers, editors, and editor-in-chief. When the writer writes his stories it is taken to the editorial staff for errors and editing before publication to the general public. The design review basically assures the consistency of all elements of design, from small to large.
Common Copyediting Problems
This aspect of revision and editing include four areas which include: use concrete details, use direct language, use positive phrasing and eliminate wordiness.
-The use of concrete details explains how to use words that are concrete and refer to what actually you are talking and writing about. This will help you make your writing precise and accurate if you use specific details and examples.
-The use of direct language should be simple and very plain. The use of indirect language will result in inappropriate attempt to use inflated or abstract language. So, use words and language that are very easy to understand.
-The use of positive phrasing: effective writers need to put into play positive and good phrasing for several reasons. A good phrasing will send positive signal to the audience.
-The elimination of wordiness: using too many words or the act of wordiness can make your writing difficult to understand because the audience is forced to reinvest through unnecessary wording to read important information.
Proofreading
Before any document is published it has to go through oral presentation and visual approval. One needs to carefully proofread and do a final check. During proofreading, one does not need to add new information and to rewrite. It required a straight check for accuracy and consistency in five different perspectives: mechanical conventions (include punctuation and spelling), grammatical conventions (include grammar and usage), design conventions (include typographical errors and visual displays), disciplinary conventions (include abbreviations and citations) and typographical conventions (symbols and numbers).
Individual and Collaborative Assignments
-Edit sentences for wordiness.
-Revise law to make more comprehensible.
-Use a software editing program.
-Evaluate a software editing program.
-Interview a professional.
Revising and Editing
By: Elijah Wreh
Objective and Outcomes:
Differentiate various types of revising and editing and develop the skills required to complete these tasks.
Revise and edit to make documents, presentations, and visuals more accessible, comprehensible, and usable.
Understand that revising is a global function involving complex, interrelated strategies and decisions.
Identify and correct inconsistencies and errors in a draft.
Review a draft of a document that has been carefully edited and then analyze the resulting final version to study the impact of the changes.
Types of Revising and Editing
-Revising primary focus is on intercontinental aspects of the document which include content, organization, argument, and design.
-Substantive editing focuses on global aspects of the document.
-Design review focuses on the overall design of the document.
-Copyediting focuses on global aspects which include logic and format and locals are language conventions along with consistency.
-Proofreading involves eradicating typographical errors in the electronic version without comparing to the original.
-Administrative editing focuses on compliance with the organization’s policies and management of a range of tasks related to electronic.
The Revision Process
Revision of a piece of document or paper play a pivotal role in one writing career; As a matter of fact, when ever one write a paper or a document one need to carefully go over it several times in other to eliminate grammatical errors. Another option could be asking other people who are experts in English to go over your paper for common errors and mistakes. In addition to this, one need to get feedback, make acknowledgment and select strategy.
Redesigning Documents
For this part, one needs to design a pragmatic formula that will help in their revision process. A formula that will give readers the nitty-gritty of what you are actually talking about and meant in your paper or document.
Revision Strategies
As a matter of fact, in other for one to be a successful writer one need to be innovative and creative in their writing styles. This can only be done if one engages in a number of revision strategies that will help them with their document, oral presentation, or visual in a new dimension. Moreover, for this process to be successful and implemented well, one can text changes to encourage re-vision and design changes to encourage re-vision.
Levels of Edit
The word editing means going over a piece of document or paper for grammatical errors. Henceforth, an effective editor can only improves a document’s by going over it at least three to four times and ask other people to go over it too. The term content accuracy is the job of the writer or editor to carefully check on each other for errors. For instance, in the print media there are writers, editors, and editor-in-chief. When the writer writes his stories it is taken to the editorial staff for errors and editing before publication to the general public. The design review basically assures the consistency of all elements of design, from small to large.
Common Copyediting Problems
This aspect of revision and editing include four areas which include: use concrete details, use direct language, use positive phrasing and eliminate wordiness.
-The use of concrete details explains how to use words that are concrete and refer to what actually you are talking and writing about. This will help you make your writing precise and accurate if you use specific details and examples.
-The use of direct language should be simple and very plain. The use of indirect language will result in inappropriate attempt to use inflated or abstract language. So, use words and language that are very easy to understand.
-The use of positive phrasing: effective writers need to put into play positive and good phrasing for several reasons. A good phrasing will send positive signal to the audience.
-The elimination of wordiness: using too many words or the act of wordiness can make your writing difficult to understand because the audience is forced to reinvest through unnecessary wording to read important information.
Proofreading
Before any document is published it has to go through oral presentation and visual approval. One needs to carefully proofread and do a final check. During proofreading, one does not need to add new information and to rewrite. It required a straight check for accuracy and consistency in five different perspectives: mechanical conventions (include punctuation and spelling), grammatical conventions (include grammar and usage), design conventions (include typographical errors and visual displays), disciplinary conventions (include abbreviations and citations) and typographical conventions (symbols and numbers).
Individual and Collaborative Assignments
-Edit sentences for wordiness.
-Revise law to make more comprehensible.
-Use a software editing program.
-Evaluate a software editing program.
-Interview a professional.
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